Chapter 4 : Math
Hello, I’m Dr Zod, I hope you didn’t sleep during your Math class in the academy because you’re gonna need it! Your ship needs at least 1.21 gigawatts to function properly. Battery packs are 0.16 gigawatts per unit. How many battery packs do you need? Seems easy, right? Well, no, because the system doesn’t run floating point numbers, so… good luck with that!
LIGO offers three built-in numerical types:
- int are integers, such as 10, -6 and 0.
- nat are natural numbers (integral numbers greater than or equal to zero). They are followed by the suffix n such as 3n, 12n and 0n for the natural zero.
- tez are units of measure of Tezos tokens. They can be decimals and are followed by tez or tz such as 3tz or 12.4tez. You can also type units of millionth of tez, using the suffix mutez after a natural literal, such as 10000mutez or 0mutez.
⚠️ Notice there are no floating point types in LIGO as they are not determinist in hardware modules.
ℹ️Large integral values can be expressed using underscores to separate groups of digits, like 1_000mutez or 0.000_004tez. Notice 1tez = 1_000_000mutez.
Addition
Addition in LIGO is accomplished by means of the + infix operator. Some type constraints apply, for example you cannot add a value of type tez to a value of type nat.
const a : int = 5 + 10
const b : int = 5n + 10
const c : tez = 5mutez + 0.000_010tez
⚠️ You cannot add a tez and a int.
Subtraction
Subtractions follow the same principles.
const a : int = 5 – 10
const b : int = 5n – 2n
const d : tez = 5mutez – 1mutez
Multiplication
Multiplications follow the same principles.
const a : int = 5 * 5
const b : nat = 5n * 5n
const c : tez = 5n * 5mutez
Division
Divisions follow the same principles.
const a : int = 10 / 3
const b : nat = 10n / 3n
const c : nat = 10mutez / 3mutez
⚠️ Remember that there are no floating point numbers in LIGO so dividing 9 by 2 will output 4 and not 4.5
Modulo
Modulos follow the same principles.
const a : int = 120
const b : int = 9
const rem1 : nat = a mod b // 3
⚠️ Remember that there are no floating point numbers in LIGO so dividing 9 by 2 will output 4 and not 4.5
Checking a nat
is_nat returns a nat or None
const is_a_nat : option (nat) = is_nat (1)
Your mission
1- In the editor, define required_energy for 1.21 gigawatts. Since Tezos doesn’t support floating point numbers, let’s work in megawatts instead so that you can write the amount of energy as an int.
2- Define energy_per_battery_pack for 0.16 gigawatts.
3- Define and compute required_battery_packs as the number of battery packs required to power your ship. Remember that floating point numbers are truncated to an integer, e.g. 10 / 3 = 3 in LIGO and not 3.33333333….
AWAITING VALIDATION
Type your solution above and validate your answer